Crisnée

Crisnée [kʁisne] (en wallon Crusnêye) est une commune francophone de Belgique située en Région wallonne dans la province de Liège.

History

From the local prehistory, nothing is known. Traces of Neanderthals found recently suggest that they resided in this region around 100,000 years ago.

A Roman villa discovered in the year 1935 in the country side of crisnee by the Dean Fréson of Villers, situated there according to Eugene Dethier of Kemexhe, the ancient Atuatuca.

The commune is surrounded by tumulus which, at the time of their erection, had been said to have the strategic reason for glimpse: this were those of Herstappe, Otrange, Fize Marsal, of Noville and Lamine, perhaps also of Othee.

Saint Materne, Bishop of Tongeren, and its successors brought evangelization before the 5th century. Pass the Vandals, Huns and Normans. Under the Prince - Bishop, Notger, Kemexhe is the mother church of Thys; Fize Marsal depended on the parish priests of Crisnée and Otrange. odeur concerned Othee . Everyone had to annually, on the Pentecost Tuesday, in procession and solemnity, to carry the parish royalty to the costre Canon of Tongeren.

Around 1300 at Kemexhe, the noble Beaurieu (burelé silver and ten azure pieces to the lion of gules on All) and the Penilh (to the golden lion) were killing each other in the service of the Awans and Waroux; Thys had his castle of Louis, Squire, Lord of Thys and Wotrenge, the singneur of Odoir resided in the Bishop Villers -; Fize Marsal had its aldermen, and Crisnée his lord in the silver shield with five rockets Gules, joined in fascia, to the franc-district of gold in the jumper Gules, promoted for some years to the rank of  arms in the commune of Crisnée.

Among the countless wars, the events of the seventeenth century, known as the century of misfortunes was highlighted, when the municipality and its inhabitants suffered collateral damage, the consequences of the occupation of the French armed forces. five soldiers, three of Thys, were victims of the war in the year 1940-44.

The future villages entity miraculously escaped the Nazi retaliation even after the confrontation of Thys in the month of April 1944, after the barn was set on fire in Fize Marsal where refugees had taken refuge during the taking of hostages in Kemexhe on the eve of liberation and the accidental suicide in crisnee of a young German soldier in full retreat. The two falls of robots V1, one caused some injuries and damage to Crisnee, but the other more seriously affected the center of Fize where a G.I. sacrificed himself to save the life of a young boy.

The democratically elected mayors retained their scarf during the hostilities except in Crisnée where Jules Jacquemotte was appointed to replacement Émile Denomerenge and Kemexhe where Oscar Driesmans was fired(sacked) for the benefit of Lucien Dechamps, the fallen having no disinheritance nor the collaboration of the newcomers in any way. At the time, the mandate was assured by a farmer, such as Defalle then Prosmans to Thys, Royer Fize Marsal and Leduc at odeur, either by holding the left as Panis then Gilon to Crisnée, Daniels at Kemexhe.

After the year 1960, one had to convert to the idea of merging the aediles ancient of the villages of Crestegneis, Tyl, Fies, Odoir and Comegh, all fiercely attached to independence of their territory. Beyond the rivalries people and sports antagonisms, opposition called upon various arguments of conflict such as differences in infrastructure, characters and ways of life of the inhabitants, the village road gaps and local budget and, last but not the least, a strong aversion for such neighbor. So, we reasoned then. Fortunately, it transcended the old spots that reciprocally mocks others and finally agreed the  on the Cruch di mocres'gneye, the ves di Fize, flat di K 'meh', the tchets of Thys, and the flaheûs of odeur.

The fusion, one of the first in the country,ends. The Electric lighting was only from the year 1929 and the distribution of waters from the year 1953. With Wisdom prevailing over all the susceptibility, the town councilor chose to call Crisnée the new entity and, for a question of hectometers, to set up the administrative center there.

The composition of the post-war communal Councils remained politically stable and generally conservative for a long time, changed at the time of the merger. Alone or in alliance with the I.C. list, immediately, the left took power under the mayors Daniels of Kemexhe, Jean Stassart of Fize-le-Marsal, then Joseph Vanmal of Kemexhe. The October 8, 2000 Elections changed the situation: most PRL - EPC was led by a liberal Mayor, Philippe Goffin, of Kemexhe, at the expense of opposition P.S.

To enlarge more on the entity history, documents can be found at the State Archives in Cointe, Chiroux library as well as the bishopric of Liège. In addition, several ex-citizens of crisnee have published the results of their research. Jules Herbillon had devoted to each village a booklet of toponymy. Eugene Dethier, researcher and writer of Kemexhe, in his 2000 years of life in Hesbaye, from Atuatuca to E3 has sketched out a history of the region and his village. Two Thysois, Joseph Fraipont and Louis Tihon respectively collected historical notes on the ancient village of Thys and translated ancient texts from the twelfth century to the independence of the year 1830. For its part, J.C. Vanhove brought a priceless collection of 440 photos that recall the life of yesteryear in Thys. Finally, since the year 1986, Louis Marneffe has devoted his spare time to write the monograph of the five villages in as many "chronic of people and things”. All these works constitute a synergy that the curious local heritage of crisneen can consult the municipal library and the library Chiroux in Liège.

Coat of arms

Customizing the communal seal and the official Administration documents, they owe it to the people of leige, Paul of Borman, who published in the month of May-June 1985 in the bulletin of the Genealogical and heraldic office of belguim a study on the tombstone of the Lord of Crisnée, Jean the Vilhain, stone discovered during the demolition in the year 1983 of a lateral altar in the old church of Tohogne (Durbuy). In heraldry, they read: "of money to five rockets of gules, affixed in fascia, with the franc-district of gold in the jump gules."

The parish

L'église de 1902 The 1902 churchs

The 1st Sunday of October 1895, the factory Council considers that the Church was too small for the population and that the ancient tower is in a very poor condition. On the 2^nd of January 1898, the Council noted that this church was only a barn with windows and that it cannot be enlarged or restored; That It is impossible to add to his 22 banks: 11 on each side, for a total of 106 seats; residents are calling for a more spacious church because the former has only one nave. On the 2^nd of July 1898. The Approval of the plan, quote and specifications, drawn up by Henri Froment, architect in Liège.

Funding

The Commune of Crisnée (15 000 F), factory (6 000 F), contribution of 400 000 bricks (5 000 F), donation from the Bishop (?), filing by the crisneen Canon Kinet (5 000 F), value of old materials (2 000 F), government subsidy (6 000 F), a total of 41 000 F. councilors are seeking for a model: the kind of Goffontaine Church (Verviers) will be retained.

On the 2^nd of July 1899, the exhibition of the plan to the Church in the general enthusiasm: The Church's will be in neo-roman style with three naves of five spans with two side chapels and flat ceiling. On the 2^nd of December 1899, the plans were approved by the Royal monuments and Sites Commission provided that the outer part of the walls will be in sandstone. The State subsidy to 1/5 the price is accepted with the support of the Cabinet Chief of Leopold II, count Paul of Borghrave of the Altena.

Auction sale

That of Grevesse, Chapon-Seraing (55 900 F) will be accepted. Meanwhile, the State subsidy is passed to 11 180 F and the contribution of the factory to 13 000 F

Works

The demolition of the old church was started by Grevesse on an Easter Tuesday,on the 17 of April 1900. A temporary chapel was raised on the bridge in front of the N - D of Lourdes chapel. The 1st mass there will be celebrated on 25^th of April. This provisional barracks could accommodate 200 people. The digging of the Foundation began at the end of May. It was then discovered a tumulaire stone of the fourteenth century bearing the inscriptions: "Chi gist Wilhealme of Cresgnee ki trepasat MCCC the XIX year, the day of sainte Kateline.". "Chi gist damsel Maroje of Hanût daughter Monsengnour Vilheame delporte, Knight, his wife who trepasat MCCCLXIII the V day fenal month day.

The first stone was laid on the 7th of June 1900 by the Dean of Hozemont. On the 8^th of December 1900 was the first mass celebrated in the unfinished Church, the window of wishc had been walled up, because the cold made it impossible to stay in the temporary Chapel. The consecration date was July 7, 1902. The Bishop car was escorted by 32 riders up to crisnee where five thousand people gathered. The Russon Fanfare and the harmony of oreye played the not-redoubled. Welcoming address by the Mayor and the Bishop's response, and to close a song of circumstance.

The next day, Monsignor Canon of Greban Saint-Germain celebrated the mass in the N - D chapel where the relics had been deposited. The next day, the Bishop confirmed the children of Crisnée, Thys, Fize, Beardy, Kemexhe, Fooz, Loncin, Odeur, Hognoul and Villers-L'EVEQUE. The Bishop left at 4.30 p.m. and escorted to momalle where he was going to take a train.

The cross way was placed and dedicated on the 25^th of May 1901 (2 300 F). The relics of St. Maurice were offered by Bishop Corneliusvan Bommel on the 27^th of May 1815. The completion of the building, twenty years later, was the work of the vicar Coopmans. It differs from the churches of the region by its sandstone walls, a choir with a flat chevet and above all by a ciborium above the altar.

The six parish records, five were found at Thys:

• Registry No. 6: reliefs, stuits, etc from 1775 to 1783.
• Registry of the factory Council from 1834 to 1925
• Baptisme 1788-1906; Confirmations from 1805 to 1905
• Weddings 1796 in 1906; Death of 1796 to 1906
• Baptisms, marriages and deaths: 1907 to 1925.

Crisnée in war

Acts of war of the fourteenth to the seventeenth century

In the year 1325, Crisnée and nearby villages housed soldiers of the Prince-Bishop Adolphe of Marck which had its headquarters in Momalle, in the company of the King of Bohemia, John the blind, twelve counts and the Duke of Brabant, John III.

Towards the 1^st of October 1325, the troops of the Prince and those of the cities having met in the plain of Crisnee were going to come to blows when the equivocal attitude of John the blind forced the Prince-Bishop to retire. According to the Chronicle of Saint - Trond, it was at Crisnee that the Castellan of Waremme reconciled with the Bishop.

On the 20^th of October 1468, Crisnee and other neighbouring villages were plunder and burnt by the Burgundian troops of Philippe of Savoy. The next day, Liège, believing that the enemy was about to retire with his loot, resolved to go after him.

In the year 1673 and 1677, the French troops of the Sun King (in French: Roi-Soleil,), commanded by Turenne and Condé in their war of Holland, stand out especially by the damage they cause. The events of the early eighteenth century, a war between the allies English and Dutch against the French, were rated as follows by cure Renoir: "in the year 1703, our village in Este was settled since May 30, which was on Wednesday after Pentecost until the 19 day after, by the army of England and Holland from 50 to 55 000 men.

The English Generalissimo, named Marboroug, housing at the chasteau of Thys, and that of the Dutch, named Annerquerque, in our pastoral House (ex Elise Louwette house, street of the city). The straight line is extended to the village of Russon and the left to Hodeige. Since then, in the month of August,in the little marsage was left by the army troops during the siege of Huy.

The villages miraculously escaped the Nazi retaliation even after the confrontation Thys in April 1944.

September 2, 1706, the soldiers emcamped at Haneffe beat and removed the grain to crisnee. In October, these same soldiers encamped at Looz returned to crisnee and foraged there."

Soil amendment

After the period of manufacture, when the waters of the tray from the washing of beets evacuated to the field of application had the time to settle, good land could be provided, by carriages or carts, to amend the land of culture. It was the time where chemical fertilizers were rare and especially expensive to purchase. Just before but especially during the last war, in the countryside of Xhendremaal along the line of the tram line, a phosphate fertilizer was extracted. Not without risk also because wells and galleries were quite rudimentary from which the buckets were pulled up to the end of the rope of the winch. On the surface stood a pile in the shape of cones.

Source https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisn%C3%A9e